The Scottish Enlightenment: How A Poor Nation Became an Intellectual Powerhouse

Scotland´s rise from a poor, subjugated, and small nation became one of Europe´s intellectual superpowers. This Scottish Enlightenment was critical in the development of modern science, secular philosophy, economics, and eventually, the industrial revolution.

Submitted By Barclay Rodgers

The Controversial Berlin Games of 1936.

This 1000+ article explains the background to the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games which the Nazi Party hoped would show off the Third Reich to the rest of the world.It also essays Adolf Hitler´s resentment of the medal winning performances of black Americans,and in particular the four gold medals won by the sprinter Jesse Owens. The career of the German film maker Leni Riefenstahl is also examined.

Submitted By Libera

The Tragic Empress Elizabeth of Austria
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The Empress Elizabeth of Austria became a legend in her own lifetime. This article concerns the tragic life of this beautiful woman who became a poet, an equestrian and helped to achieve a compromise with the nationalist Hungarians.

Submitted By Lisa-Anne Sanderson

Historical Berlin for Visitors

This article touches on several historic sites that visitors to Berlin should see. Included are the Berlin Wall site, Checkpoint Charley, the Reichstag and others...

Submitted By Mary M. Alward

The History of the Jewish Community in Vienna

This article tells of the history of the Jewish community in Vienna from the 12th century to present day. Includes the days of the Black Plague, the Jewish renaissance, WWII and more.

Submitted By Mary M. Alward

Black Death in Vienna
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From the time of the 14th century, the Black Death struck Vienna time and time again. In 1679 and again in 1680, thousands of lives were lost by what today is thought to have been the bubonic plague.

Submitted By Mary M. Alward